The Moskitian Oracle

The Kingdom of Mosquitia, a sovereign indigenous polity along the Caribbean coast of Central America, developed a rich and complex web of international relations between the 17th and 19th centuries. Through formal and informal engagements with European powers and American states, Mosquitia asserted its sovereignty, fostered alliances, and maintained its independence in a region dominated by colonial competition. Great Britain (1661) In 1661, King Charles II of England received King Oldham of Mosquitia at his court. This historic visit was capped by a formal request from Charles to Oldham, asking him to "kindly [...] relieve such straggling Englishmen as should chance to come that way, with plantains, fish, and turtle." This diplomatic exchange illustrates early English recognition of the Moskitian monarchy and established a long-standing alliance between the two nations. Spain (1769) On November 11, 1769, the Spanish Captain-General of Guatemala, Pedro de Salazar, acknowled...

1629 The islands of Old Providence and Saint Andrew were found by Capt. Sussex Camock and Capt. Daniel Elfrith, both on different privateering ships belonging to the Earl of Warwick. 1630 4th December The Providence Island Colony was established. 1633 1st July "Instructions from the Company of Providence Island to Capt. Sussex Cammock To "set" with his company upon Cape Gratia a Dios, there to discover and maintain a trade with the natives. To preserve the true worship of God and repress sin. To leave disorderly persons at Providence, and add such numbers to his company as may be willing to go from there." Capt. Sussex Cammock appointed as Director General of Trade to Mosquitia. 1634 The son of an unamed Wita Tara was sent to London, where he lived for three years with Robert Rich  (1587–1658), the Second Earl of Warwick, chairman of the  Providence Island Company (1630–1641), while Colonel Morris remained in Mosquitia as a hostage. He later became known as King Ol...